Anatomy guides
Clear, structured guides to the systems, regions and key structures of the human body, each tied to an interactive 3D model.
Foundations
Anatomical planes and sections
This page explains sagittal, coronal and transverse anatomical planes, what their sections show, and how they relate to CT, MRI and oblique slices.
Anatomical position and directional terms
This page explains anatomical position, paired directional terms, and how to describe relationships between structures without confusing left and right.
Anatomical terminology: Latin names, TA2 and FMA
This page explains Latin anatomical names, Terminologia Anatomica, TA2 numbers, FMA and UBERON identifiers, and how to interpret names on structure pages.
Anatomical variation: why bodies differ from the atlas
Anatomical variation explains how bodies differ in structure, why textbook patterns are not universal, and how sex, age and real-case atlases add context.
Arteries, veins and the two circulations
Learn how systemic and pulmonary circulation connect, how artery and vein walls differ, and how great vessels, portal vessels and anastomoses fit.
Body cavities and serous membranes
This page explains the major body cavities, their contents, the diaphragm’s role, and the parietal and visceral layers of serous membranes.
Cross-sectional anatomy: how to read a CT slice
This page explains CT slice orientation, bright and dark tissues, key anatomical landmarks, and how cross-sectional images relate to segmented 3D models.
How muscles are named, and what origin, insertion and action mean
This page explains how skeletal muscles are named, what origin, insertion and action mean, and how attachments and muscle roles relate to movement.
How the nervous system is organised
This page explains the central and peripheral nervous systems, sensory and motor pathways, autonomic divisions, nerve plexuses and spinal nerve maps.
How to study anatomy with 3D models
Learn how to study anatomy with 3D models through orientation, regional and system-based study, sectional views, active recall and regular review.
Regions of the human body
This page explains the axial and appendicular body regions, limb subdivisions, abdominal regions and quadrants, and regional versus systemic anatomy.
Types of bones and the structure of a long bone
This page explains the five types of bones, long bone structure, compact and spongy bone, bone markings, and the divisions of the adult skeleton.
Types of joints
Learn how joints are classified, what forms a synovial joint, and how the six synovial joint types relate to movements of the human body.
Body systems
Joints and ligaments of the body
Learn how the major joints and ligaments connect bones, guide movement and provide stability, including the roles of menisci, labra and bursae.
The cardiovascular system
This page explains the cardiovascular system, including heart chambers and valves, blood flow, major arteries and veins, coronary vessels and pulses.
The digestive system
The digestive system explained through the alimentary canal, accessory organs, their functions, peritoneal attachments and arterial blood supply.
The endocrine system: glands, locations and hormones
The endocrine system explained through gland locations, main hormones, hypothalamic and pituitary connections, and endocrine versus exocrine secretion.
The integumentary system: skin
This page explains the layers of skin, hair, nails and glands, the functions of the integumentary system, and the differences between thick and thin skin.
The lymphatic system
This page explains lymphatic flow, the main lymph node groups, drainage through the lymphatic ducts, and primary and secondary lymphoid organs.
The muscular system
This page explains skeletal muscle functions, regional groups, compartments, tendons, nerve supply, and how to learn attachments and actions.
The nervous system
The nervous system explained through the brain, spinal cord, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, cranial nerves and major nerves supplying the limbs.
The reproductive system
This page explains female and male reproductive anatomy, pelvic relationships, supporting ligaments, and structures with shared developmental origins.
The respiratory system
This page explains respiratory system anatomy, tracing air from the nose to the alveoli and describing the lungs, pleura and muscles of breathing.
The sensory organs: eye and ear
This page explains eye and ear anatomy, including the eye’s coats, lens and muscles, hearing and balance structures, and smell and taste pathways.
The skeletal system
The skeletal system supports and protects the body; this page explains its functions, major bones, regional divisions, cartilage and ligaments.
The urinary system
This page explains urinary system anatomy, including kidney structure, blood supply and relations, ureter narrowings, the bladder and the urethra.
Regions of the body
Anatomy of the abdomen
This page explains abdominal wall muscles, regions and quadrants, peritoneal relationships, organ positions, aortic branches and the portal vein.
Anatomy of the back and vertebral column
This page explains the vertebral regions, spinal curves, typical vertebrae, atlas and axis, discs, ligaments, spinal cord and back muscles.
Anatomy of the head
This page explains the anatomy of the head, including skull bones, cranial fossae, facial muscles, major cavities, blood vessels and nerves.
Anatomy of the lower limb
This page explains lower limb anatomy, including regional bones and joints, muscle compartments, nerves, arteries, foot arches and superficial veins.
Anatomy of the neck
Explore neck anatomy, including cervical vertebrae, the hyoid, neck triangles, major muscles, viscera, carotid sheath contents and nerve plexuses.
Anatomy of the pelvis
This page explains the anatomy of the pelvis, including its bones, inlet and outlet, pelvic floor, organ relationships, blood vessels and nerves.
Anatomy of the thorax
This page explains the thoracic cage, intercostal spaces, diaphragm, pleural cavities, mediastinal divisions, and positions of the heart and great vessels.
Anatomy of the upper limb
This page explains upper limb bones and joints, muscle compartments, brachial plexus nerves, arterial supply and the anatomy of the carpal tunnel.
Key structures
Aorta: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the aorta’s location, main parts, branches, wall structure and function, including its relationships in the chest and abdomen.
Biceps brachii: anatomy, location and function
Learn where biceps brachii lies, how its long and short heads attach, and how its actions, nerve supply and relations explain upper-limb movement.
Brachial plexus: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the brachial plexus, its location in the neck and armpit, its roots, trunks, cords and branches, and its role in the upper limb.
Brain: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the brain’s location, main parts, protective coverings, blood supply and functions, with steps for exploring its anatomy in 3D.
Cerebellum: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the cerebellum lies, how its lobes and internal structures are organised, and how its connections and blood supply support movement.
Clavicle: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the clavicle’s location, shape, bony landmarks, joints, muscle attachments and role in supporting movement of the shoulder.
Colon: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the colon's location, parts, wall structure, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage and role in absorbing water and forming faeces.
Deltoid: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the deltoid lies, how its parts attach and move the arm, its nerve and blood supply, and how to locate it in the 3D anatomy model.
Diaphragm: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the diaphragm lies, how its muscle fibres attach, what passes through its openings, and how its nerves and blood vessels support breathing.
Esophagus: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the esophagus, its location and neighbouring structures, wall layers, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage and function.
Eye: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the eye lies, how its layers and chambers are arranged, and how its blood supply, nerves and supporting structures contribute to vision.
Femur: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the femur's location, main landmarks, hip and knee joints, muscle attachments and role in supporting weight and moving the leg.
Fibula: anatomy, location and function
This page explains where the fibula lies, its main landmarks and joints, its muscle attachments, and its role in supporting the ankle.
Gastrocnemius: anatomy, location and function
This page explains gastrocnemius location, its two heads, origins and insertion, actions, nerve supply and its relation to the deeper soleus muscle.
Gluteus maximus: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the gluteus maximus, its location and attachments, its actions at the hip, its nerve supply, and its relations to nearby structures.
Heart: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the heart’s location, chambers, surfaces, valves, blood supply and nerve supply, and how its structure supports blood circulation.
Hip bone: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the hip bone's location, its ilium, ischium and pubis, major landmarks, joints, and role in supporting weight and enabling movement.
Hip joint: anatomy, location and function
Learn the hip joint’s location, articulating surfaces, capsule, ligaments, movements, blood supply and nerve supply, with guidance for 3D study.
Humerus: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the humerus, its location in the upper arm, main landmarks, shoulder and elbow joints, muscle attachments and functions.
Kidney: anatomy, location and function
This page explains kidney location, neighbouring structures, internal anatomy, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage and urine formation.
Knee joint: anatomy, location and function
This page explains knee joint anatomy, including its location, joint surfaces, menisci, capsule, ligaments, movements, blood supply and nerve supply.
Left trapezius: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the left trapezius lies, how it attaches to the skull, spine and shoulder girdle, and how its actions and nerve supply are organised.
Liver: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the liver lies, how its surfaces and lobes relate to nearby organs, and how its blood supply, bile drainage and functions are organised.
Lung: anatomy, location and function
This page explains lung anatomy, including its location, lobes, airways, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage and role in gas exchange.
Mandible: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the mandible's location, parts, landmarks, joints and muscle attachments, and how the lower jaw supports teeth and enables chewing.
Median nerve: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the median nerve runs, how it relates to nearby structures, and which forearm and hand muscles and skin regions it supplies.
Pancreas: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the pancreas, its position behind the stomach, its parts and ducts, digestive and hormonal functions, blood supply and innervation.
Patella: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the patella’s location, surfaces, joint and tendon attachments, its role in knee extension, and how to orient it in 3D.
Pectoralis major: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the pectoralis major muscle lies, how its heads attach, what movements it produces, and which nerves and blood vessels supply it.
Quadriceps femoris: anatomy, location and function
Learn where quadriceps femoris lies, its four muscles, their origins and shared insertion, knee and hip actions, innervation, and 3D model anatomy.
Radius: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the radius, its position in the forearm, its main landmarks and joints, and its role in wrist movement and forearm rotation.
Rib: anatomy, location and function
This page explains rib anatomy, including location, landmarks, joints, true and false ribs, and how rib movements change the shape of the chest.
Scapula: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the scapula's location, surfaces, borders, landmarks, joints and muscle attachments, and its role in supporting arm movement.
Sciatic nerve: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the sciatic nerve begins, its course through the buttock and thigh, its main branches, and how it supplies muscles and skin.
Shoulder joint: anatomy, location and function
This page explains shoulder joint anatomy, including its location, joint surfaces, capsule, ligaments, movements, blood supply and nerve supply.
Skull: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the skull’s location, major bones, landmarks, joints and functions, including its relationship to the brain, face and upper neck.
Small intestine: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the small intestine's location, parts, wall structure, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage and role in digestion and absorption.
Spinal cord: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the spinal cord's location, segments, grey and white matter, nerve roots, protective coverings, functions and blood supply.
Spleen: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the spleen’s location, surfaces, neighbouring organs, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage and role in filtering blood.
Sternum: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the sternum's location, its three parts, surface landmarks, joints, muscle attachments and role in the chest wall and breathing.
Stomach: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the stomach’s location, neighbouring structures, main parts, wall layers, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage and function.
Thyroid gland: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the thyroid gland’s location, lobes, neighbouring structures, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage and hormonal function.
Tibia: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the tibia’s location, main landmarks, joints and muscle attachments, and how it supports weight between the knee and the ankle.
Tongue: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the tongue’s location, surfaces, muscles, blood supply, nerve supply and lymph drainage, and its roles in swallowing and speech.
Trachea: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the trachea’s location, neighbouring structures, wall, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage and role in conducting air.
Triceps brachii: anatomy, location and function
Learn where triceps brachii lies, how its three heads attach, how it moves the elbow and shoulder, and how to locate its long head in a 3D model.
Ulna: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the ulna lies, how its landmarks form the elbow and forearm joints, and how it supports movement alongside the radius in the forearm.
Urinary bladder: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the urinary bladder’s pelvic location, neighbouring structures, wall, blood supply, nerve supply, and role in storing urine.
Uterus: anatomy, location and function
Learn where the uterus lies, how its parts and wall are organised, and how its blood supply, nerves and lymph drainage support its reproductive role.
Vertebral column: anatomy, location and function
This page explains the vertebral column’s location, regions, bony landmarks, joints, normal curves and roles in support, protection and movement.